Lovis Schwenderling, M.Sc.

@inproceedings{schwenderling_teach_2025,

title = {Teach Me Where to Look: Dual-task Attention Training in Augmented Reality},

author = {L Schwenderling and M Schotte and F Joeres and F Heinrich and L Hanke and F Huettl and T Huber and C Hansen},

url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706599.3720198},

doi = {10.1145/3706599.3720198},

isbn = {979-8-4007-1395-8},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

urldate = {2025-04-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},

pages = {1–8},

publisher = {ACM},

address = {Yokohama Japan},

abstract = {Regular eye contact is essential in medicine to recognize signs of pain. However, it is difficult to remember this during training as attention is tied up in learning. While augmented reality (AR) has shown promising results for medical education, there is no training for attention allocation yet. Therefore, three auditory and three visual attention guidance tools in AR are evaluated for their use in medical dual-task training settings. In expert reviews with six participants in human-computer interaction and medical didactics, advantages, disadvantages, and refinements for the cues were developed. For visual cues, an overt but less occluding cue was preferred for constant visibility of the primary task. A more diegetic cue design was proposed for the auditory cues to use a patient simulation as a reminder of the regular face glance. In general, several cues were found to be suitable for gaze guidance training, requiring only minor changes for improvement.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{heinrich_you_2025,

title = {Do You See What I See? Evaluating Relative Depth Judgments Between Real and Virtual Projections},

author = {F Heinrich and D Schott and L Schwenderling and C Hansen},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3706599.3720157},

doi = {10.1145/3706599.3720157},

isbn = {979-8-4007-1395-8},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

urldate = {2025-04-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},

pages = {1–8},

publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},

address = {New York, NY, USA},

series = {CHI EA '25},

abstract = {Projector-based augmented reality (AR) is promising in different domains with less issues in discomfort or shortage of space. However, due to limitations like high costs and cumbersome calibration, this AR modality remains underused. To address this problem, a stereoscopic projector-based AR simulation was implemented for a cost-effective video see-through AR headset. To evaluate the validity of this simulation, a relative depth judgment experiment was conducted to compare this method with a physical projection system. Consistent results suggest that a known interaction effect between visualization and disparity mode could be successfully reproduced using both the physical projection and the virtual simulation. In addition, first findings indicate that there are no significant differences between these projection modalities. The results indicate that other perception-related effects observed for projector-based AR may also be applicable to virtual projection simulations and that future findings determined using only these simulations may also be applicable to real projections.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{schwenderling_novel_2024,

title = {A Novel Framework for Hand Visualization in Web-Based Collaborative XR},

author = {L Schwenderling and W Herbrich and F Joeres and C Hansen},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10536317/},

doi = {10.1109/VRW62533.2024.00010},

isbn = {979-8-3503-7449-0},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-01},

urldate = {2024-03-01},

booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)},

pages = {18–23},

publisher = {IEEE},

address = {Orlando, FL, USA},

abstract = {Many extended reality (XR) applications are platform-specific, making accessibility and cross-platform collaboration difficult. Web-based collaborative XR can enhance adoption of XR technologies, using the browser as a platform-independent interface. However, challenges arise from the browser environment, such as performance limitations. To this end, we present a WebXR-based framework for hand interaction in cross-platform collaboration in XR. A network structure and methods for collaborative and individual object manipulation complement the integrated hand tracking. Three different fidelity levels to represent the hands of remote users were implemented to accommodate different performance capabilities. Concepts ranged from virtual hands to discrete poses with abstract objects. A sample application was implemented with a puzzle task. Two users collaborated in the browsers of the Microsoft HoloLens 2 and the Meta Quest 2. Qualitative and quantitative data on user performance (n=9), and frame rate recordings (n=1) were collected. All users were able to solve the puzzle together quickly and intu-itively. The Quest environment was preferred, as there were more performance issues with the HoloLens. Hand interaction was well-received and proved to be sufficient as the only form of communication. Simpler representations of the hands lead to a higher frame rate, whereby the effects were device-dependent. The impact on task performance was low. Hand interaction enables an intuitive exchange of objects and basic communication in cross-platform collaboration via browsers. Depending on the XR environment, however, device-specific performance limitations must be taken into account by modulating the amount of data and rendering effort.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{schott_ar-based_2024,

title = {An AR-Based Multi-User Learning Environment for Anatomy Seminars},

author = {D Schott and M Kunz and J Mandel and L Schwenderling and R Braun-Dullaeus and C Hansen},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10536568/},

doi = {10.1109/VRW62533.2024.00271},

isbn = {979-8-3503-7449-0},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-01},

urldate = {2024-03-01},

booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)},

pages = {949–950},

publisher = {IEEE},

address = {Orlando, FL, USA},

abstract = {Understanding the intricate and rapid changes in shape during em-bryonic formation is vital for medical students. Using the example of embryonic human heart development, we introduce an AR-based multi-user approach to enhance understanding and foster a participatory learning environment. Through a user-centered approach, we created a prototype accommodating two player roles and enabling multi-modal inputs to encourage dynamic group discussions. We in-vited four anatomy experts to evaluate three system configurations in an interdisciplinary workshop to assess the feasibility of integration into anatomy seminars. The gathered data and feedback indicate the potential of our collaborative concept for integration into the medical curriculum.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wagnerberger_empowering_2024,

title = {Empowering Patients: Improve Gender-Sensitive Medical Knowledge Through Interactive Edutainment},

author = {D Wagnerberger and D Schott and L Schwenderling and C Hansen and D Schumacher},

url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3679318.3685500},

doi = {10.1145/3679318.3685500},

isbn = {979-8-4007-0966-1},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

urldate = {2024-01-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction},

pages = {1–12},

publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},

address = {New York, NY, USA},

series = {NordiCHI '24},

abstract = {Disregarding crucial gender-specific differences and potential risks in medicine leads to widespread gender inequalities. This paper introduces interactive edutainment concepts developed through a user-centered design approach to raise awareness of gender medicine. An interactive exhibition course and an accompanying deck of cards provide an engaging and sensitizing experience of medical gender inequalities. Qualitative feedback, self-assessment, and user experience and behavior were evaluated during a public display of the concepts (n=14). The results highlight the potential of our playful approach to raising awareness among the public as well as health-related professionals, paving new ways for communication and empowerment of patients of all genders. We believe these insights have broader applicability across various domains, supporting efforts to address all forms of inequality.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{heinrich_2d_2022,

title = {2D versus 3D: A Comparison of Needle Navigation Concepts between Augmented Reality Display Devices},

author = {F Heinrich and L Schwenderling and F Joeres and C Hansen},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9756753},

doi = {10.1109/VR51125.2022.00045},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-01},

urldate = {2022-03-01},

booktitle = {2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)},

pages = {260–269},

abstract = {Surgical procedures requiring needle navigation assistance suffer from complicated hand-eye coordination and are mentally demanding. Augmented reality (AR) can help overcome these issues. How-ever, only an insufficient amount of fundamental research has focused on the design and hardware selection of such AR needle navigation systems. This work contributes to this research area by presenting a user study (n=24) comparing three state-of-the-art navigation concepts displayed by an optical see-through head-mounted display and a stereoscopic projection system. A two-dimensional glyph visualization resulted in higher targeting accuracy but required more needle insertion time. In contrast, punctures guided by a three-dimensional see-through vision concept were less accurate but faster and were favored in a qualitative interview. The third concept, a static representation of the correctly positioned needle, showed too high target errors for clinical accuracy needs. This concept per-formed worse when displayed by the projection system. Besides that, no meaningful differences between the evaluated AR display devices were detected. User preferences and use case restrictions, e.g., sterility requirements, seem to be more crucial selection criteria. Future work should focus on improving the accuracy of the see-through vision concept. Until then, the glyph visualization is recommended.},

note = {ISSN: 2642-5254},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{heinrich_effects_2021,

title = {Effects of Surface Visualizations on Depth Perception in Projective Augmented Reality},

author = {F Heinrich and L Schwenderling and M Streuber and K Bornemann and K Lawonn and C Hansen},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9582452},

doi = {10.1109/ICHMS53169.2021.9582452},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-01},

urldate = {2021-09-01},

booktitle = {2021 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS)},

pages = {1–6},

abstract = {Depth perception is a common issue in augmented reality (AR). Projective AR, where the spatial relations between the projection surface and displayed virtual contents need to be represented properly, is particularly affected. This is crucial in the medical domain, e.g., for the distances between the patient’s skin and projected inner anatomical structures, but not much research was conducted in this context before. To this end, this work investigates the applicability of surface visualization techniques to support the perception of spatial relations in projective AR. Four methods previously explored in different domains were combined with the projection of inner anatomical structures on a human torso phantom. They were evaluated in a comparative user study (n=21) with respect to a distance estimation and a sorting task. Measures included Task completion time, accuracy, total Head movement and Confidence of the participants. Consistent results across variables show advantages of more occluding surface visualizations for the distance estimation task. Opposite results were obtained for the sorting task. This suggests that the amount of needed surface preservation depends on the use case and individual occlusion compromises need to be explored in future work.},

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pubstate = {published},

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}